Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Common Bean Varieties

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most widely consumed legumes in the world, but nevertheless different varieties vary with respect to their physical and chemical aspects. This study evaluated the physical and chemical characteristics (color, hardness after cooking, water absorption capacity, cooking time, integrity of the beans after cooking, proximate composition and mineral composition) of the following varieties of the common bean: Carioca, IAPAR 81, Saracura, Juriti, Pérola, Colibri and IAPAR 31, all destined for both the internal Brazilian and external markets. The varieties studied had different proximate compositions and contents of the following minerals: K, Ca, N, Mg, S, Cu, Fe and Mn; but identical contents of P, Zn and B. The beans were classified as small in size. The Carioca variety showed the lowest values for L∗(41.29) and H∗ (57.22), and the highest values for a∗ (12.17), its beans being redder and darker than the others. The Saracura variety showed the lowest degree of hydration (95.70 g/100g), cooking time (22.67 min.) and whole beans after cooking (30%), while the Pérola variety showed the highest values for these same parameters, 106.77 g/100g, 43.67 min. And 82.16%, respectively. No correlation was observed between the calcium and magnesium contents of the beans and the hardness of the raw bean, degree of hydration during maceration, cooking time and integrity of the cooked beans. According to the characteristics studied, the Saracura variety is a good option for both industrial and domestic use.37275176

The SIMPLE Phase II Dark Matter Search

Phase II of SIMPLE (Superheated Instrument for Massive ParticLe Experiments) searched for astroparticle dark matter using superheated liquid C$_{2}$ClF$_{5}$ droplet detectors. Each droplet generally requires an energy deposition with linear energy transfer (LET) $\gtrsim$ 150 keV/$\mu$m for a liquid-to-gas phase transition, providing an intrinsic rejection against minimum ionizing particles of order 10$^{-10}$, and reducing the backgrounds to primarily $\alpha$ and neutron-induced recoil events. The droplet phase transition generates a millimetric-sized gas bubble which is recorded by acoustic means. We describe the SIMPLE detectors, their acoustic instrumentation, and the characterizations, signal analysis and data selection which yield a particle-induced, "true nucleation" event detection efficiency of better than 97% at a 95% C.L. The recoil-$\alpha$ event discrimination, determined using detectors first irradiated with neutrons and then doped with alpha emitters, provides a recoil identification of better than 99%; it differs from those of COUPP and PICASSO primarily as a result of their different liquids with lower critical LETs. The science measurements, comprising two shielded arrays of fifteen detectors each and a total exposure of 27.77 kgd, are detailed. Removal of the 1.94 kgd Stage 1 installation period data, which had previously been mistakenly included in the data, reduces the science exposure from 20.18 to 18.24 kgd and provides new contour minima of $\sigma_{p}$ = 4.3 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ pb at 35 GeV/c$^{2}$ in the spin-dependent sector of WIMP-proton interactions and $\sigma_{N}$ = 3.6 $\times$ 10$^{-6}$ pb at 35 GeV/c$^{2}$ in the spin-independent sector. These results are examined with respect to the fluorine spin and halo parameters used in the previous data analysis.Comment: 20 pages, 19 figures; accepted Physical Review

Scattering images from autocorrelation functions of P-wave seismic velocity images : the case of Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain)

We thank Edoardo Del Pezzo for the valuable idea of this paper and suggestions regarding the methodology. J. Prudencio is partially supported by NSF1521855 Hazard SEES project. This paper has been partially supported by the Spanish project KNOWAVES (TEC2015-68752-R (MINECO/FEDER)), the European project MED-SUV funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No 308665, and by the Regional project ‘Grupo de Investigación en Geofísica y Sismología de la Junta de Andalucía, RNM104’.Peer reviewedPostprin

Quinoxaline, its derivatives and applications: a state of the art review

Quinoxaline derivatives are an important class of heterocycle compounds, where N replaces some carbon atoms in the ring of naphthalene. Its molecular formula is C8H6N2, formed by the fusion of two aromatic rings, benzene and pyrazine. It is rare in natural state, but their synthesis is easy to perform. In this review the State of the Art will be presented, which includes a summary of the progress made over the past years in the knowledge of the structure and mechanism of the quinoxaline and quinoxaline derivatives, associated medical and biomedical value as well as industrial value. Modifying quinoxaline structure it is possible to obtain a wide variety of biomedical applications, namely antimicrobial activities and chronic and metabolic diseases treatment

Experimental study and calculation of the electron transfer coefficients on the dissolution behavior of chitosan in organic acids

Chitosan (CH) consists of water-insoluble N-acetylglucosamine and D-glucosamine molecules and has a higher solubility at a pH below six. This studyevaluated the solubility of chitosan in solutions of organic acids for the formation of films. HyperChemTMsoftware was used to perform the quantum analysis. In the experimental trials, the total soluble mass (TSM) and the viscosity of the solutions were measured by capillary viscometer. The chitosan filmswere made by the plate melting method, and the filmcharacteristics were evaluated. A quantum simulation suggested that lactic acid (LA) has a greater stability to react with chitosan. It was then verified experimentally that LA is a better solvent for chitosan due to the increase in its viscosity. The chemical interaction between CH and LA in solution favors the polymerization of films with better physical properties. We thereforeconclude that the uniformity in the formation of films of this polymer depends on the chemical interaction between the CH and the acid and not on the degree of solubility of the polymer

Sinterizado de viruta de aleación AZ91D

Fil: Milne, R. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Grinschpun, L. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Oldani, C. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Prudencio, R. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Schneiter, M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.La viruta proveniente de los procesos de mecanizado de autopartes para la industria automotriz, fabricadas con aleaciones de magnesio AZ91D, presenta un problema de contaminación ambiental debido a los aceites refrigerantes adheridos a la viruta. El magnesio y sus aleaciones además, está declarado como material de alto riesgo debido a su alta inflamabilidad, dificultando su almacenamiento para procesos posteriores. En este trabajo proponemos un reprocesado de la viruta mediante técnicas de pulvimetalurgia, buscando la obtención de un material con características similares a la aleación de origen. Los ensayos mecánicos realizados a los materiales obtenidos, mostraron que los mejores resultado son obtenidos para temperaturas de sinterizado en fase solido + liquido. A esta temperatura se produciría un cambio volumétrico de las partículas de polvo de la aleación que facilita la rotura de la capa de óxido que cubre a las mismas y que de otra manera, impide o dificulta la unión partícula--partícula. Las muestras obtenidas fueron caracterizadas metalográfica y mecánicamente, determinando la resistencia a la compresión del material. Los tratamientos de sinterizado se realizaron a temperaturas de 500, 600 y 650ºC, variando los tiempos de permanencia a las distintas temperaturas entre 1 y 4 horas. Se alcanzaron valores de resistencia mecánica de 115,7 MPa para las muestras sinterizadas a 600ºC durante una hora, valor cercano al 30% de los valores de la aleación original (400 MPa) y un 50% en relación a la aleación refundida (325 MPa). La caracterización metalográfica muestra que el sinterizado a las menores temperaturas utilizadas en este trabajo, presenta un alto grado de porosidad el cual se traduce en pobres propiedades mecánicas.Fil: Milne, R. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Grinschpun, L. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Oldani, C. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Prudencio, R. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Schneiter, M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Otras Ingeniería de los Materiale

Transition of plasmodium sporozoites into liver stage-like forms is regulated by the RNA binding protein pumilio

Many eukaryotic developmental and cell fate decisions that are effected post-transcriptionally involve RNA binding proteins as regulators of translation of key mRNAs. In malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.), the development of round, non-motile and replicating exo-erythrocytic liver stage forms from slender, motile and cell-cycle arrested sporozoites is believed to depend on environmental changes experienced during the transmission of the parasite from the mosquito vector to the vertebrate host. Here we identify a Plasmodium member of the RNA binding protein family PUF as a key regulator of this transformation. In the absence of Pumilio-2 (Puf2) sporozoites initiate EEF development inside mosquito salivary glands independently of the normal transmission-associated environmental cues. Puf2- sporozoites exhibit genome-wide transcriptional changes that result in loss of gliding motility, cell traversal ability and reduction in infectivity, and, moreover, trigger metamorphosis typical of early Plasmodium intra-hepatic development. These data demonstrate that Puf2 is a key player in regulating sporozoite developmental control, and imply that transformation of salivary gland-resident sporozoites into liver stage-like parasites is regulated by a post-transcriptional mechanism